[New developments in 1991 in the field of the eyelids]

The publications of the year 1991 dealing with new developments in the field of lids have been reviewed. New methods of reconstruction of the upper and lower eye lid are presented. Chondroplast is a substitute for the tarsal plate which is preserved in a new way and is available in an unlimited amount. A four snip procedure for the correction of lower lid entropion is presented. A new technique of ectropion correction which allows great flexibility in the extent of the approximation of the lower lid to the globe is available. New simplified variations of the surgical treatment of Graves' disease provide a predictable height and contour of the eye lid as well as improved cosmetic results. Alternatively to Botulinum toxin Doxorubicin was injected as a treatment for benign essential blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm in an experimental study.