[Contemporary views on the problem of sepsis]

Area of Science:

• * Clinical Medicine
• * Pathogenesis of Sepsis

Context:

• * Sepsis poses a significant clinical challenge with a mortality rate around 25%.
• * Conventional treatments like chemotherapy and intensive care have limitations.
• * Research is actively exploring underlying pathogenetic mechanisms to enhance therapeutic efficacy.

Purpose:

• * To analyze the definition and concept of sepsis and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS).
• * To summarize current knowledge on sepsis pathogenesis, including key cellular and molecular players.
• * To review existing and novel therapeutic interventions for sepsis management.

Summary:

• * The paper details the structures and mechanisms involved in sepsis development, such as the complement system, factor XII, macrophages, endothelial cells, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
• * It identifies key inflammatory mediators contributing to sepsis.
• * Current therapeutic options, including classical methods and newer approaches like colony-stimulating factors, haemodiafiltration, antithrombin III, and monoclonal antibodies against endotoxin, are discussed.

Impact:

• * Provides a comprehensive overview of sepsis pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies.
• * Highlights the limitations of conventional sepsis treatments.
• * Discusses promising, developing therapies aimed at actively intervening in sepsis pathogenesis.