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Hemostatic factors in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study
D Green1, K J Ruth, A R Folsom
1Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Ill.
Insights
This study found that fibrinogen (Fb) and factor VII (FVII) levels correlate with coronary heart disease risk factors in young adults. Higher Fb and FVII were linked to increased cholesterol, body mass index, and triglycerides.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Health
- Hematology
- Public Health
Background:
- Elevated factor VII (FVII) and fibrinogen (Fb) are known coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors in older adults.
- Research is needed to understand these associations in younger populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between hemostatic factors (FVII, fibrinogen, FVIII, von Willebrand factor [vWF]) and coronary risk factors in young adults.
- To analyze differences in hemostatic factor levels by sex, race, and blood group.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of hemostatic factors in 1724 participants (aged 23-35) from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study.
- Statistical analysis to determine correlations between hemostatic factors and cardiovascular risk markers.
Main Results:
- Fibrinogen (Fb) levels were higher in women than men, and factor VIII (FVIII) and von Willebrand factor (vWF) were higher in Black individuals than White individuals.
- Fibrinogen (Fb) showed positive correlations with body mass index, total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol across all groups.
- Factor VII (FVII) correlated positively with cholesterol and triglycerides in all groups.
Conclusions:
- Hemostatic factors like fibrinogen (Fb), factor VII (FVII), factor VIII (FVIII), and von Willebrand factor (vWF) are associated with traditional coronary risk factors in young adults.
- These findings suggest potential early markers for cardiovascular risk in younger populations.
Abstract:
Elevated levels of factor VII (FVII) and fibrinogen (Fb) have been reported as risk factors for coronary heart disease in middle-aged and older adults. The purpose of this study was to determine whether increased levels of these and other hemostatic factors (FVIII, von Willebrand factor [vWF]) were associated with other coronary risk factors in young adults participating in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study. Hemostatic factors were measured in 1724 participants aged 23 to 35 years who were roughly balanced by sex and race (black/white). Fb was greater in women than men (black, 288 versus 253 mg/dL; white, 267 versus 240 mg/dL; overall P < .05 by Scheffé multiple-comparison test), and FVIII and vWF were higher in blacks than in whites (FVIII in men, 103% versus 88%, and in women, 104% versus 91%; vWF in men, 114% versus 98%, and in women, 117% versus 99%; P < .05). The latter factors were lower in those with blood group O, but within each blood group (except group A), blacks had significantly higher levels of FVIII and vWF. Fb was positively correlated with body mass index (r = .27 to .48, P < .001), total cholesterol (r = .13 to .17, P < .05), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = .15 to .22, P < .01) in all groups and with blood pressure, triglycerides, and cigarette smoking in white men. FVII correlated positively with cholesterol (r = .12 to .29, P < .05) and triglycerides (r = .23 to .32, P < .001) in all groups and with low-density lipoprotein in whites.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)