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Abstract:
Four patients with Listeria monocytogenes infection are presented; three of whom had associated lymphoproliferative disorders. Two of the four patients had Listeria meningitis. Meningitis is the most common manifestation of listeriosis in humans. Specific diagnosis depends on demonstrating Listeria monocytogenes in the cerebral spinal fluid; differentiation from other forms of acute meningitis cannot be made clinically. Although listeriosis is recognized as a major global problem in both human and animal health, the epidemiology of human infection is poorly understood. Animals and animal products may serve as reservoirs for human infection. Antibiotic therapy resulted in recovery in three of the patients. The history, epidemiology, laboratory diagnosis, clinical manifestations, and therapy of listeriosis are reviewed.
Insights
Listeria monocytogenes infections, particularly meningitis, can occur with lymphoproliferative disorders. Early diagnosis and antibiotic therapy are crucial for recovery from this global health concern.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Neurology
- Hematology
Background:
- Listeriosis, caused by Listeria monocytogenes, is a significant global health issue in humans and animals.
- Human listeriosis epidemiology remains poorly understood, with animals and animal products as potential reservoirs.
- Meningitis is the most frequent clinical presentation of human listeriosis.
Observation:
- This case series presents four patients with Listeria monocytogenes infection.
- Three of the four patients had concurrent lymphoproliferative disorders.
- Two patients presented with Listeria meningitis, highlighting its commonality.
Findings:
- Clinical differentiation of Listeria meningitis from other acute meningitis forms is challenging.
- Definitive diagnosis relies on identifying Listeria monocytogenes in cerebrospinal fluid.
- Antibiotic treatment led to recovery in three out of the four patients.
Implications:
- Early and accurate laboratory diagnosis of Listeria monocytogenes is critical for effective treatment.
- Understanding the epidemiology is vital for controlling the spread of listeriosis.
- This review synthesizes current knowledge on listeriosis history, diagnosis, and therapy.