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Influence of stabilization occlusal splint on craniocervical relationships. Part I: Cephalometric analysis
1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiaga.
Cranio : the Journal of Craniomandibular Practice
|January 1, 1994
Summary
An occlusal splint significantly impacts head and neck posture, causing extension and reduced cervical lordosis in individuals with sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscle spasms. Periodic evaluation of craniocervical relationships is recommended after splint insertion.
Area of Science:
- Dental Occlusion
- Craniocervical Biomechanics
- Physical Therapy
Background:
- Muscle spasms in the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles can affect head and neck posture.
- Occlusal splints are used in dental treatment, but their impact on craniocervical relationships is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of an occlusal splint on craniocervical relationships.
- To assess changes in head and cervical spine posture in subjects with specific muscle spasms.
Main Methods:
- A full-arch maxillary stabilization occlusal splint was fabricated for 15 subjects.
- Lateral craniocervical radiographs were taken with and without the occlusal splint.
- Cephalometric analysis was performed to evaluate changes in craniocervical alignment.
Main Results:
- The occlusal splint induced a significant extension of the head on the cervical spine.
- A significant decrease in cervical lordosis was observed in the upper cervical segments (C1-C3).
- These changes may represent a compensatory mechanism to the cranial extension.
Conclusions:
- Occlusal splint use can alter craniocervical relationships, specifically causing head extension and reduced cervical lordosis.
- Regular monitoring of craniocervical alignment is crucial following occlusal splint insertion.
- Further research may explore long-term effects and clinical implications of these postural changes.