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Active immunization by a dengue virus-induced cytokine
U C Chaturvedi1, R Mukerjee, R Dhawan
1Postgraduate Department of Microbiology, K.G. Medical College, Lucknow, India.
Clinical and Experimental Immunology
|May 1, 1994
Summary
Active immunization with Dengue type 2 virus (DV)-induced cytotoxic factor (CF) protects mice from DV-induced pathology. This study shows successful prevention of cytokine-induced damage via specific active immunization.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Virology
- Pathology
Background:
- Dengue type 2 virus (DV) infection causes pathological lesions similar to human dengue.
- A cytotoxic factor (CF) produced by DV is implicated in these pathologies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the protective effects of active immunization using DV-induced CF in a mouse model.
- To assess the duration and efficacy of protection against CF-induced pathologies.
Main Methods:
- Mice were actively immunized with 5 µg of CF.
- Protection against CF-induced capillary permeability and blood-brain barrier damage was assessed weekly post-immunization.
- Mice were challenged with DV (intracerebral or intraperitoneal) to evaluate protection against lethal infection and pathology.
Main Results:
- Maximum protection against capillary permeability and blood-brain barrier damage was observed at 4 weeks post-immunization.
- Protection waned over time, with a breakthrough observed at higher CF doses.
- Immunized mice showed prolonged survival and delayed sickness onset after DV challenge, despite similar viral titers in the brain.
- Significant protection against blood-brain barrier damage was noted at 4 weeks (86%) and 26 weeks (17%) after intraperitoneal DV challenge.
Conclusions:
- Active immunization with DV-induced CF successfully prevents cytokine-induced pathology in mice.
- Specific active immunization can be a viable strategy to protect against dengue-associated pathological effects.