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Related Experiment Videos

Immunosuppression after measles vaccination

L Smedman1, A Joki, A P da Silva

  • 1Department of Immunology, Stockholm University, Sweden.

Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|February 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Conventional live attenuated measles vaccine temporarily reduced cellular immune responses in children in Sweden and Guinea-Bissau. This finding may relate to increased mortality observed with some measles vaccines.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Cellular immune responses are crucial for vaccine efficacy and overall health.
  • Investigating the impact of routine vaccinations on immune function is essential for public health.
  • Previous studies have suggested potential links between certain measles vaccines and increased mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the influence of the conventional live attenuated measles vaccine on cellular immune responsiveness.
  • To compare immune responses in children from different geographical and potentially different environmental settings (Sweden and Guinea-Bissau).
  • To evaluate the utility of a whole-blood thymidine incorporation assay in field conditions.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study involving 32 children (16 in Guinea-Bissau, 16 in Sweden).

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  • Lymphoproliferation assays were conducted before and 8-10 days after measles vaccination.
  • Stimulation of lymphocytes using concanavalin A (con-A), purified protein derivative (PPD), and tetanus toxoid (TT) via a whole-blood 3H-thymidine incorporation assay.
  • Assessed lymphocyte responses to measles antigens in measles-immune children.

    • Main Results:

    • A significant decrease in lymphoproliferative responses to con-A and TT was observed in Guinean children post-vaccination (p=0.03, p=0.01).
    • Swedish children showed significantly reduced responses to PPD and TT after vaccination (p=0.009, p=0.03).
    • Lymphocytes from measles-immune children exhibited weak responses to measles antigens.

    Conclusions:

    • The conventional live attenuated measles vaccine temporarily suppresses cellular immune responsiveness in children.
    • These findings may have implications for understanding the increased mortality observed in some studies with high-titre measles vaccines.
    • The whole-blood thymidine incorporation assay is a practical and effective tool for field studies on immune responses.