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Related Experiment Videos

Skin thickness in expanded human breast skin

M Olenius1, M Wickman, M Malm

  • 1Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
|June 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Skin thickness decreases permanently after breast tissue expansion and reconstruction. This ultrasonic study found no significant difference between rapid and slow expansion methods in women undergoing mammary reconstruction.

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Area of Science:

  • Plastic Surgery
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Ultrasonic Measurement

Background:

  • Mammary reconstruction using tissue expanders is a common procedure.
  • Understanding the long-term effects of tissue expansion on skin properties is crucial for optimizing outcomes.
  • Skin thickness changes during and after tissue expansion require detailed investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure and analyze changes in skin thickness during and after mammary reconstruction with tissue expansion.
  • To compare the effects of rapid versus slow expansion protocols on skin thickness.
  • To assess the permanence of skin thickness alterations post-reconstruction.

Main Methods:

  • Ultrasonic technique used to measure skin thickness in 13 women undergoing mammary reconstruction.

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  • Measurements taken at multiple time points: pre-expander, post-inflation, pre-implant, and 2 weeks/6 months post-implant.
  • Patients were divided into rapid (daily inflation) and slow (weekly inflation) expansion groups.

    • Main Results:

    • A statistically significant decrease in skin thickness was observed during the tissue expansion period.
    • This skin thinning was permanent, persisting for at least 6 months after the final surgery.
    • A transient increase in skin thickness occurred after the expander was replaced with a permanent implant.
    • No significant difference in skin thickness changes was found between rapid and slow expansion groups.

    Conclusions:

    • Tissue expansion for mammary reconstruction leads to permanent skin thinning.
    • The rate of expansion (rapid vs. slow) does not appear to influence the long-term skin thickness changes.
    • Further research may explore the biomechanical implications of this permanent skin thinning.