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Intraorbital arteriovenous malformation: case report

S Chakrabortty¹, T Nagashima, I Izawa

¹Department of Neurosurgery, Kobe University School of Medicine, Japan.

Surgical Neurology

|October 1, 1993

Summary

This case report details an intraorbital arteriovenous malformation (AVM) causing vision loss. Surgical removal was necessary after failed endovascular and surgical treatments for this rare orbital vascular anomaly.

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Vascular Surgery
Radiology

Background:

Intraorbital arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are rare vascular anomalies.
Presentation can include visual impairment, proptosis, and ocular motility disturbances.

Observation:

A patient presented with visual loss, exophthalmos, and chemosis in the right eye.
Imaging revealed extraocular muscle enlargement and a vascular abnormality in the retrobulbar space.
Angiography demonstrated an intraorbital vascular stain and a dilated ophthalmic artery.

Findings:

Histopathology confirmed an intraorbital AVM involving retrobulbar fatty tissue, extraocular muscles, and the optic nerve.
Endovascular and surgical treatments for the AVM were unsuccessful.
Total removal of intraorbital contents was ultimately performed.

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Implications:

This case highlights the challenges in managing intraorbital AVMs.
Aggressive treatment, including orbital exenteration, may be required for complex or refractory cases.
Understanding the vascular anatomy and potential extensions is crucial for surgical planning.