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Long Term Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Airway Infection in Mice
15:43

Long Term Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Airway Infection in Mice

Published on: March 17, 2014

Pseudomonas aeruginosa bronchopulmonary infection in late human immunodeficiency virus disease

A D Baron1, H Hollander

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco 94143.

The American Review of Respiratory Disease
|October 1, 1993
PubMed

Insights

Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infections are rare in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This study found these infections occurred in advanced HIV cases, often without other risk factors, and had high relapse rates.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pulmonology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) infections are uncommon in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients.
  • PA infections typically occur with risk factors like neutropenia or cytotoxic drug use.
  • An increase in pulmonary PA isolates was observed in an HIV-positive clinic population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bronchopulmonary infections in HIV-seropositive adults.
  • To investigate the association between PA pulmonary infections and advanced HIV disease.
  • To identify risk factors and patterns of PA infection in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of microbiology, radiology, and clinical records.
  • Study population: 1,852 HIV-seropositive adults at an outpatient AIDS clinic.
  • Identified 16 individuals with Pseudomonas bronchopulmonary infection.

Main Results:

  • All 16 patients had advanced HIV (mean CD4 count 25/mm3) and prior AIDS diagnoses.
  • PA was the sole pulmonary pathogen in 14 patients and associated with new chest X-ray abnormalities in 14.
  • Four patients had acute pneumonia with sepsis (associated with hospitalization/risk factors); 12 had indolent, community-acquired infection (low mortality, no other risk factors).

Conclusions:

  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa bronchopulmonary infections in advanced HIV can present as acute sepsis or indolent community-acquired disease.
  • High relapse rates (86%) were observed even with short survival (4.5 months).
  • The pattern of PA disease in this context resembles cystic fibrosis, suggesting a potential role for maintenance therapy.

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