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Infant of the diabetic mother
1Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus.
Clinics in Perinatology
|September 1, 1993
Insights
Infants born to diabetic mothers face significant health issues, including birth defects and growth problems. This review covers their common complications and management strategies.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal Medicine
- Endocrinology
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs) exhibit increased morbidity despite reduced neonatal mortality.
- Maternal diabetes poses risks including congenital malformations and abnormal fetal growth.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current data on the morbidity of infants of diabetic mothers.
- To discuss diagnosis and management of common neonatal complications in IDMs.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent studies on IDMs.
- Synthesis of data on congenital anomalies, fetal growth, pulmonary development, and metabolic disturbances.
Main Results:
- IDMs are prone to congenital malformations and intrauterine growth disturbances.
- Pulmonary development may be affected, increasing respiratory risks.
- Hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, and hypomagnesemia are common metabolic issues requiring prompt diagnosis and treatment.
Conclusions:
- Infants of diabetic mothers represent a high-risk group requiring specialized care.
- Comprehensive management addressing short- and long-term complications is essential for improving outcomes in IDMs.
Abstract:
Despite marked declines in neonatal mortality, infants of diabetic mothers still experience significant morbidity. This article reviews current data regarding congenital malformations, disorders of fetal growth, pulmonary development, and diagnosis and treatment of hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, and hypomagnesemia. It also addresses short-term and long-term complications for this unique group of high-risk infants.