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Related Experiment Videos

Clock completion: an objective screening test for dementia

Y I Watson1, C L Arfken, S J Birge

  • 1Program on Aging, Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO 63110.

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
|November 1, 1993
PubMed
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A new clock-drawing test offers a simple, objective method for screening dementia. This test is as effective as the Short Blessed Test (SBT) in identifying cognitive impairment in older adults.

Area of Science:

  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Neurology
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • Dementia screening requires simple, reliable tools for early detection.
  • The clock-drawing task is a widely used cognitive assessment.
  • Existing screening methods may lack ease of administration or objectivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a simple, objective screening test for dementia using the clock-drawing task.
  • To assess the sensitivity and specificity of the developed clock-scoring system.
  • To compare the clock-drawing test's efficacy with the Short Blessed Test (SBT).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of clock-drawing errors.
  • Prospective validation in diverse clinical settings (geriatric clinic, rehabilitation, long-term care).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Evaluation of sensitivity, specificity, test-retest, and inter-rater reliability.

    • Main Results:

    • A scoring system focusing on digit placement in a pre-drawn circle demonstrated high sensitivity (87%) and specificity (82%) for dementia.
    • The clock-drawing test showed comparable performance to the Short Blessed Test (SBT).
    • High inter-rater (0.90-0.93) and test-retest (82%) reliability were observed.

    Conclusions:

    • A simple, objective clock-completion scoring system has been developed.
    • This screening tool is as effective as the SBT for identifying dementia.
    • The test's ease of administration and scoring makes it suitable for widespread use.