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Recent developments in alcoholism:biobehavioral correlates

D V Gauvin1, E Y Cheng, F A Holloway

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City 73190.

Recent Developments in Alcoholism : an Official Publication of the American Medical Society on Alcoholism, the Research Society on Alcoholism, and the National Council on Alcoholism
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
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This review examines alcohol-induced hangover, detailing physiological and behavioral effects hours after alcohol consumption in humans and animals. It proposes three hypotheses for the hangover phenomenon: rebound, toxicity, or circadian dysrhythmia.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Alcohol consumption is widespread, leading to significant public health concerns.
  • Alcohol-induced hangover represents a complex physiological and behavioral state following acute intoxication.
  • Understanding hangover mechanisms is crucial for developing effective prevention and mitigation strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing literature (1940-1992) on alcohol-induced hangover.
  • To present new data on the after-effects of acute high-dose alcohol administration.
  • To explore the utility of human and animal models in hangover research and propose underlying mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review spanning 1940 to 1992.
  • Analysis of physiological, behavioral, and performance data from human and animal studies.

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  • Synthesis of laboratory data concerning acute high-dose alcohol administration.

    • Main Results:

    • Documented physiological, behavioral, and performance decrements hours post-alcohol administration.
    • Demonstrated similarities in hangover effects between human and animal models.
    • Identified potential mechanisms including opponent-process rebound, toxic reactions, and circadian dysrhythmia.

    Conclusions:

    • Hangover effects are measurable and can be studied in both humans and animals.
    • The hangover phenomenon may result from physiological rebound, toxic by-products, or induced circadian dysrhythmia.
    • Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms of alcohol-induced hangover.