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[Invasive Haemophilus influenzae type B infections in infancy (1981-1990)]
F de Juan Martín1, C Campos Calleja, M Bustillo Alonso
1Sección de Infecciosos, Hospital Infantil Miguel Servet, Zaragoza.
Anales Espanoles De Pediatria
|August 1, 1993
Summary
Invasive Haemophilus influenzae type B infections predominantly affected children under four years old, with meningitis being the most common diagnosis. Many strains showed resistance to ampicillin and chloramphenicol.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Invasive Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) infections pose a significant threat to young children.
- Understanding the epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Hib is crucial for public health interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the epidemiology of invasive Hib infections in children.
- To analyze the common clinical presentations and age distribution of Hib infections.
- To determine the antimicrobial resistance patterns of isolated Hib strains.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 58 invasive Hib infection cases in children.
- Data collected between 1981 and 1990.
- Clinical presentations, age at diagnosis, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were reviewed.
Main Results:
- Meningitis was the most frequent diagnosis (63%), followed by arthritis (10.3%), epiglottitis (10.3%), cellulitis (8.6%), and pneumonia (6.9%).
- The majority of cases (93%) occurred in children under four years old, with a significant proportion (70.6%) under 24 months.
- High rates of antimicrobial resistance were observed: 63% of strains were resistant to ampicillin, and 19.2% were resistant to both ampicillin and chloramphenicol.
Conclusions:
- Invasive Hib infections primarily impacted young children, with varied clinical manifestations.
- The high prevalence of ampicillin and chloramphenicol resistance in Hib strains necessitates careful antibiotic selection for treatment.