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Molar odontogenesis in the trisomic 16 mouse

T V Di Stefano1, D V Provenza

  • 1Department of Anatomy, Baltimore College of Dental Surgery, Dental School, University of Maryland at Baltimore 21201.

Archives of Oral Biology
|September 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Trisomic fetuses, identified by specific Robertsonian translocations, showed developmental delays and abnormal tooth organ development. These findings highlight the impact of chromosomal abnormalities on embryonic development and craniofacial morphogenesis.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Developmental Biology
  • Teratology

Background:

  • Robertsonian translocations can lead to aneuploidy, impacting embryonic development.
  • Understanding the phenotypic consequences of specific translocations is crucial for genetic counseling and research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the developmental effects of specific Robertsonian translocations in fetuses.
  • To characterize the craniofacial and dental abnormalities associated with trisomy in this model system.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized mouse models with Robertsonian translocations Rb(16.17)7Bnr and Rb(6.16)24Lub to create double heterozygotes.
  • Analyzed 156 fetuses (gestational days 14-18), distinguishing between normal (euploid) and trisomic individuals.
  • Confirmed trisomy through karyotyping of metaphase spreads.

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  • Assessed gross morphological features and dental development (tooth organ size, cellularity, vascularity).

    • Main Results:

    • Identified 86 trisomic fetuses exhibiting features such as decreased size, shortened faces, edema, and dysplastic ears.
    • Trisomic fetuses displayed developmental delays of up to 24 hours.
    • Tooth organs in trisomic fetuses were generally smaller, hypocellular, hypoplastic, with reduced blood supply.
    • These dental abnormalities were progressive and more severe during later odontogenesis stages (morpho- and histodifferentiation).

    Conclusions:

    • Specific Robertsonian translocations result in trisomic fetuses with significant developmental delays and craniofacial anomalies.
    • The study demonstrates a clear impact on tooth organ development, including size, cellularity, and vascularization.
    • These findings underscore the critical role of chromosomal balance in normal embryonic and craniofacial development, particularly during odontogenesis.