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Macromolecular diffusion in crowded solutions

J Han1, J Herzfeld

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02254.

Biophysical Journal
|September 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Crowding effects on macromolecule diffusion are modeled using scaled particle theory. Aggregation of globular proteins reduces hindrance, while aligned rod-like particles offer slight hindrance reduction for diffusion.

Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Biophysics
  • Soft Matter Physics

Background:

  • Macromolecule diffusion in concentrated solutions is significantly impacted by crowding.
  • Existing models for diffusion hindrance lack rigorous treatment.
  • Previous work by Muramatsu and Minton provided a basic hard-sphere model.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To rigorously treat the effects of crowding on macromolecule diffusion.
  • To extend diffusion models to include non-spherical particles like spherocylinders.
  • To provide a more accurate theoretical framework for understanding diffusion in complex biological environments.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing scaled particle theory to calculate the probability of a free target volume for random walk steps.
  • Developing an improved target volume definition for more accurate hindrance calculations.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Extending the model to accommodate hard spherocylinder interactions.

    • Main Results:

    • The hindrance of globular proteins decreases with aggregation, especially with reduced surface area.
    • Aligned rod-like particles cause a slight reduction in diffusion hindrance.
    • Anisotropy in the diffusion of soluble proteins among cytoskeletal proteins is generally minimal.

    Conclusions:

    • Proteins, approximated as hard particles, experience reduced hindrance when aggregating.
    • Particle shape and alignment significantly influence diffusion hindrance in crowded solutions.
    • The developed model offers a more refined understanding of macromolecule dynamics in biological systems.