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Are genetically lean broilers more resistant to hot climate?

P A Geraert1, S Guillaumin, B Leclercq

  • 1Station de Recherches Avicoles, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Nouzilly, France.

British Poultry Science
|September 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Genetically lean chickens show better heat resistance than fat chickens, maintaining growth and improving feed efficiency in high temperatures. Dietary protein content did not mitigate heat-induced growth depression.

Area of Science:

  • Animal Science
  • Poultry Science
  • Environmental Physiology

Background:

  • Heat stress significantly impacts broiler chicken growth and metabolism.
  • Genotype influences broiler responses to environmental challenges.
  • Optimizing broiler nutrition is crucial for mitigating heat stress effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of heat stress on genetically lean (LL) and fat (FL) broiler chickens.
  • To evaluate the effects of dietary protein content on broiler performance under varying temperatures.
  • To determine the interaction between genotype and heat stress on growth, feed efficiency, and fat deposition.

Main Methods:

  • Broiler chickens of LL and FL genotypes were exposed to high (32°C) or control (22°C) temperatures up to 9 weeks of age.

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  • Isoenergetic diets with either 190 g/kg or 230 g/kg protein were provided.
  • Growth performance, feed conversion efficiency, and gross protein efficiency were measured.

    • Main Results:

    • At high temperatures, LL chickens exhibited greater weight gain compared to FL chickens.
    • Food conversion efficiency was unaffected by temperature in LL birds but depressed in FL birds at 32°C.
    • High dietary protein did not alleviate heat-induced growth depression; it enhanced fatness in LL birds at high temperatures.

    Conclusions:

    • Genetically lean broilers demonstrate superior resistance to heat stress.
    • Enhanced weight gain and improved feed and protein conversion efficiencies indicate greater resilience in LL chickens under hot conditions.
    • Dietary strategies involving increased protein content may not effectively mitigate heat stress and could influence fat deposition.