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HIV/AIDS among Palestinian Arabs

S Maayan1, E Shinar, M Aefani

  • 1Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel.

Israel Journal of Medical Sciences
|October 1, 1993
PubMed
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This study examined Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) cases among Palestinians from 1987-1992. Findings indicate late-stage diagnosis and low blood donor incidence, suggesting challenges in AIDS care access and tracing in the West Bank and Gaza.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection presented a growing concern in the West Bank, Jerusalem, and Gaza Strip between 1987 and 1992.
  • Limited data existed on HIV epidemiology and clinical presentation among the Palestinian population during this period.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence, incidence, and risk factors of HIV infection among Palestinians.
  • To assess the stage of disease at presentation for medical care and compare it with Israeli populations.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of blood bank screening for HIV in the Palestinian territories.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 24 HIV-positive Palestinian individuals diagnosed between 1987 and 1992.
  • Review of blood bank screening data from seven major hospitals in the West Bank, Makassed Hospital, Hadassah University Hospital, and two blood banks in Gaza.

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  • Collection of demographic and clinical data from health departments and AIDS clinics.

    • Main Results:

    • Twenty-four Palestinians were identified with HIV infection; 15 had advanced Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS).
    • Key risk factors included expatriate status (46%), heterosexual transmission (4), transfusion recipients (5), and homosexual transmission (6).
    • HIV incidence among approximately 50,000 screened Palestinian blood donors was 0.006%, comparable to Israeli donors (0.008%).

    Conclusions:

    • Palestinians presented for HIV treatment at a later stage of infection compared to Israelis.
    • Low HIV incidence in blood donors is encouraging, but late presentation suggests deficiencies in AIDS surveillance and specialized care access.
    • Contaminated transfusions and infected expatriates appear to be significant contributors to HIV cases in the region.