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Resurgence of pertussis--United States, 1993
Abstract:
From January 3 through December 4, 1993 (weeks 1-48), 5457 pertussis cases were reported to CDC--an 82% increase over the number reported during the same period in 1992 (3004) and the highest annual number of cases reported since 1967 (Figure 1). Compared with 1992, the number of reported pertussis cases increased in 35 states, especially those in the New England, middle-Atlantic, North Central, and Mountain regions (Figure 2). During 1993, large outbreaks have occurred in Chicago and Cincinnati. This report summarizes epidemiologic characteristics of pertussis cases reported through December 4, 1993.
Insights
Pertussis (whooping cough) cases surged by 82% in 1993, reaching the highest annual count since 1967. This increase was observed across 35 states, with significant outbreaks in major cities.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health Surveillance
Background:
- Pertussis, commonly known as whooping cough, is a highly contagious respiratory infection.
- Reported cases of pertussis have shown significant fluctuations over the years.
- Understanding current trends is crucial for public health interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the epidemiologic characteristics of pertussis cases reported in 1993.
- To analyze the increase in pertussis incidence compared to the previous year.
- To identify geographical patterns and outbreak locations of pertussis.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of pertussis case data reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
- Comparison of case counts from January 3 to December 4, 1993, with the same period in 1992.
- Geographic mapping of reported cases across different US regions and states.
Main Results:
- A total of 5457 pertussis cases were reported by December 4, 1993.
- This represents an 82% increase compared to 3004 cases reported during the same period in 1992.
- The number of reported cases increased in 35 states, with notable rises in New England, Middle Atlantic, North Central, and Mountain regions, and significant outbreaks in Chicago and Cincinnati.
Conclusions:
- The year 1993 experienced a substantial resurgence of pertussis, marking the highest incidence since 1967.
- The widespread increase across numerous states highlights a concerning national trend in whooping cough.
- The identified outbreaks underscore the need for continued surveillance and targeted public health strategies.