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Related Concept Videos

Gastric Motility01:16

Gastric Motility

3.7K
Gastric motility is the coordinated contraction and relaxation of stomach muscles that convert ingested food into chyme, a semi-liquid substance ready for further digestion in the intestines. The process begins with the vagus nerve inducing the relaxation of the smooth muscles in the fundus and body of the stomach, allowing these regions to expand and accommodate up to approximately 1.5 liters of food and liquid.
Peristaltic Waves and Chyme Formation
Upon food entry, the stomach initiates...
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Physiology of the Gastrointestinal System I: Ingestion and Propulsion01:22

Physiology of the Gastrointestinal System I: Ingestion and Propulsion

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The physiology of the gastrointestinal system begins with ingestion as food enters the mouth.
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Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology01:17

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Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...
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Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Injurious Factors01:22

Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Injurious Factors

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Peptic ulcers are sores on the stomach's inner lining and the upper small intestine, which are the result of disruptions in the mucosal layer that houses parietal cells which produce gastric acid, and chief cells which secrete pepsinogen.
In the antrum region, G cells secrete the gastrin hormone that binds to gastrin-cholecystokinin-B (CCK2) receptors on parietal and enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells in the fundic glands. Simultaneously, the vagus nerve releases acetylcholine, which binds...
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Gastric Phase of Digestion01:26

Gastric Phase of Digestion

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The gastric phase of digestion begins as soon as food enters the stomach. The incoming food bolus triggers neural and hormonal mechanisms, which last approximately 3 to 4 hours. During this phase, the stomach undergoes significant changes to prepare the food for further digestion and absorption.
When food enters the stomach, it stretches the stomach walls and activates stretch receptors. This triggers local reflexes of the enteric nervous system, mediated through the myenteric plexus. These...
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Enteric Nervous System: Regulation of GI Motor Activity01:11

Enteric Nervous System: Regulation of GI Motor Activity

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The Enteric Nervous System (ENS) plays a pivotal role in regulating gastrointestinal or GI motor activity. This complex network of nerves, deeply embedded within the gut wall, responds to changes in the gut environment and receives input from both the autonomic nervous system and the central nervous system. By doing so, the ENS operates various programs tailored to the body's nutritional status and needs.
During periods of fasting, the ENS initiates the migrating myoelectric complex, a...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 3, 2026

Video Imaging and Spatiotemporal Maps to Analyze Gastrointestinal Motility in Mice
07:41

Video Imaging and Spatiotemporal Maps to Analyze Gastrointestinal Motility in Mice

Published on: February 3, 2016

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Gastric motor physiology and pathophysiology

J J Cullen1, K A Kelly

  • 1Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic Postgraduate School of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota.

The Surgical Clinics of North America
|December 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

The stomach

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • The stomach has two distinct motor areas: proximal and distal.
  • Each area controls different functions like liquid/solid emptying and mixing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explain the distinct roles of proximal and distal stomach motility.
  • To describe adverse effects from impaired gastric motility due to disease or surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Review of physiological roles of proximal and distal stomach.
  • Analysis of clinical sequelae from altered gastric motility.

Main Results:

  • Proximal stomach regulates intragastric pressure and liquid emptying.
  • Distal stomach handles solid mixing and emptying.

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Fabrication and Implantation of Miniature Dual-element Strain Gages for Measuring In Vivo Gastrointestinal Contractions in Rodents.
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Fabrication and Implantation of Miniature Dual-element Strain Gages for Measuring In Vivo Gastrointestinal Contractions in Rodents.

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Gastrointestinal Motility Monitor GIMM
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Gastrointestinal Motility Monitor GIMM

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Related Experiment Videos

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Video Imaging and Spatiotemporal Maps to Analyze Gastrointestinal Motility in Mice
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Video Imaging and Spatiotemporal Maps to Analyze Gastrointestinal Motility in Mice

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Fabrication and Implantation of Miniature Dual-element Strain Gages for Measuring In Vivo Gastrointestinal Contractions in Rodents.
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Fabrication and Implantation of Miniature Dual-element Strain Gages for Measuring In Vivo Gastrointestinal Contractions in Rodents.

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Gastrointestinal Motility Monitor GIMM
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  • Impaired proximal motility causes rapid emptying (dumping); impaired distal motility causes delayed emptying (atony).

    • Conclusions:

    • Understanding stomach physiology and pathophysiology is crucial.
    • This knowledge aids in preventing and treating gastric motility disorders.