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Zoonotic roundworm infections

L T Glickman1, J F Magnaval

  • 1Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.

Infectious Disease Clinics of North America
|September 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Toxocara canis roundworm larvae can cause severe human diseases like visceral and ocular larval migrans. Early diagnosis and treatment with anthelminthics and corticosteroids are crucial for preventing serious illness.

Area of Science:

  • Zoonotic diseases
  • Parasitology
  • Clinical medicine

Background:

  • Animal parasites, particularly the dog roundworm Toxocara canis, have larval stages capable of infecting humans.
  • Visceral and ocular larval migrans are established clinical syndromes resulting from Toxocara canis infection.

Observation:

  • Increased availability of serodiagnostic tests has facilitated the identification of diverse syndromes linked to toxocaral infection.
  • These syndromes encompass neuropsychologic deficits, epilepsy, asthma, abdominal distress, and chronic allergies.

Findings:

  • Toxocara canis infection presents with a broader spectrum of clinical manifestations than previously recognized, including neurological and allergic conditions.
  • Serodiagnostic advancements aid in diagnosing these varied presentations.

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Implications:

  • Prompt diagnosis and treatment, including corticosteroids and anthelminthic drugs, can be life- or sight-saving.
  • Understanding infection risk factors is essential for preventing human toxocaral infections and mitigating severe health outcomes.