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Acinetobacter meningitis

P Pearce1, H Ghuman, H Prabhakar

  • 1Dept of Microbiology, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana.

Indian Journal of Medical Sciences
|July 1, 1993
PubMed
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Acinetobacter calcoaceticus was found in 5.6% of meningitis cases. This strain showed high resistance to common antibiotics but remained susceptible to chloramphenicol.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Meningitis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.
  • Antimicrobial resistance is a growing global health concern, complicating treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from meningitis cases.
  • To identify effective antibiotic treatment options for meningitis caused by Acinetobacter calcoaceticus.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 10,468 CSF samples collected from meningitis patients across various age groups between 1988 and 1991.
  • Isolation and identification of bacterial pathogens, with a focus on Acinetobacter calcoaceticus.
  • Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of isolated strains against a panel of antibiotics.

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Main Results:

  • Acinetobacter calcoaceticus was identified in 12 (5.6%) of 211 culture-confirmed meningitis cases.
  • The isolated Acinetobacter calcoaceticus strains exhibited 100% resistance to ampicillin, cotrimoxazole, and tetracycline.
  • Resistance to cephazolin, gentamicin, and kanamycin was observed in 50% of the strains, while 100% susceptibility to chloramphenicol was noted.

Conclusions:

  • Acinetobacter calcoaceticus is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause meningitis.
  • High levels of resistance to several commonly used antibiotics necessitate careful selection of antimicrobial therapy.
  • Chloramphenicol demonstrated potent activity against the studied Acinetobacter calcoaceticus strains, suggesting its potential as a treatment option.