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Urea kinetic modeling with a prototype urea sensor in the spent dialysate stream
L J Garred1, N R St Amour, W G McCready
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada.
ASAIO Journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)
|July 1, 1993
Summary
This study introduces a novel urea sensor for hemodialysis (HD) that accurately measures urea in spent dialysate. This innovation enables automated urea kinetic modeling (UKM), improving patient care.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Nephrology
- Analytical Chemistry
Background:
- Urea kinetic modeling (UKM) is crucial for optimizing hemodialysis (HD) prescription.
- Accurate real-time urea monitoring in spent dialysate stream (SDS) is needed for automated UKM.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe a prototype urea sensor for real-time monitoring of urea concentration in the SDS.
- To evaluate the sensor's performance and its utility in patient UKM.
Main Methods:
- A flow-through urea sensor utilizing ammonium ion and reference electrodes was developed.
- The sensor was integrated into an HD machine for 36 sessions, measuring SDS urea concentration.
- Urea concentration data was used to calculate protein catabolic rate (PCR) and KT/V.
Main Results:
- The prototype sensor demonstrated a linear relationship between its output and SDS urea concentration.
- Accurate patient protein catabolic rate (PCR) and KT/V values were obtained using sensor data.
- The sensor showed feasibility for real-time urea monitoring during HD.
Conclusions:
- The developed urea sensor is accurate and feasible for real-time monitoring of urea in SDS.
- Automated UKM is achievable with the integration of such sensors into HD machines.
- This technology promises to enhance the automation and precision of HD patient management.