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The JANUS serum bank

E Jellum1, A Andersen, P Lund-Larsen

  • 1Norwegian Cancer Society, Oslo.

The Science of the Total Environment
|November 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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The JANUS project

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Biochemistry
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Established in 1973 by the Norwegian Cancer Society, the JANUS project houses nearly 0.5 million serum samples from 170,000 donors.
  • Sequential serum samples, collected up to 18 years before diagnosis, are available for cancer research.
  • The serum bank offers a unique resource for investigating early cancer indicators.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify preclinical biochemical, immunological, or chemical alterations in serum indicative of early cancer development.
  • To explore the potential of serum biomarkers for early cancer detection.
  • To investigate the relationship between environmental exposures and cancer risk using sequential serum analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and two-dimensional protein electrophoresis to assess serum sample stability.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Matched serum samples with the Norwegian Cancer Registry to identify donors who developed cancer.
  • Analyzed premorbid serum samples for various biomarkers and chemical substances.

    • Main Results:

    • Elevated CA125 levels detected months before ovarian cancer diagnosis.
    • Serum thyroglobulin identified as a potential preclinical marker for certain thyroid cancers.
    • Low serum selenium levels correlated with increased thyroid cancer risk.
    • Elevated antibodies against Epstein-Barr virus linked to Hodgkin's disease development.

    Conclusions:

    • The JANUS serum bank is a valuable resource for identifying early cancer biomarkers.
    • Preclinical changes in serum can indicate future cancer development.
    • The serum bank can also be utilized for environmental exposure studies.