How the lower oesophageal sphincter affects submucosal oesophageal varices

Oesophageal varices are found in the submucosa of the lower oesophageal sphincter (L.E.S.). Portagraphic studies after vasopressin administration showed occlusion of submucosal oesophageal varices and distension of the para-oesophageal veins. Oesophagography and endoscopy after administration of anticholinergics showed considerable dilatation of the submucosal oesophageal varices. Because vasopressin increases, and anticholinergics decrease, L.E.S. pressure it is suggested that L.E.S. pressure is an important factor in the development of submucosal oesophageal varices.