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Skeletal accelerations measured during different exercises

M I Woodward1, J L Cunningham

  • 1School of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Durham.

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part H, Journal of Engineering in Medicine
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
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Impactful exercises like running and stair climbing significantly increase bone loading, crucial for combating osteoporosis in post-menopausal women. These activities generate higher accelerations than cycling, promoting bone health.

Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Bone Health

Background:

  • Osteoporosis is a significant concern for post-menopausal women.
  • Increased physical activity can enhance bone mass.
  • Various exercises are explored for their bone-building potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the bone-loading effects of different exercises.
  • To measure accelerations produced during various physical activities.
  • To compare impulsive versus non-impulsive exercises for bone health.

Main Methods:

  • Accelerometers attached to ankle cuffs measured acceleration.
  • Subjects performed impulsive (walking, running, stairs) and non-impulsive (cycling) exercises.
  • Peak-to-peak acceleration and rate of change were analyzed.

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Main Results:

  • Running and walking downstairs yielded the highest peak-to-peak acceleration (8.08 g and 8.11 g, respectively).
  • These activities also showed the highest rate of acceleration change (2.14 g/s and 2.07 g/s).
  • Cycling produced significantly lower acceleration values (2.24 g peak-to-peak, 0.23 g/s rate of change).

Conclusions:

  • Impulsive exercises, particularly running and stair climbing, provide greater bone mechanical loading.
  • These findings support the recommendation of high-impact exercises for improving bone density.
  • Exercise selection is critical for effectively managing osteoporosis risk.