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DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
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Cardiac catheterization is an invasive diagnostic technique used to identify and evaluate structural and functional diseases of the heart and major blood vessels. This technique diagnoses congenital heart disease, coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, and coronary spasms and assesses ventricular function. It helps guide treatment decisions, including the need for revascularization procedures like percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and...
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Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...
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Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, or CMRI, is a non-invasive diagnostic test that employs a magnetic field and radiofrequency waves to create precise images of the heart and arteries. It provides comprehensive information about cardiac anatomy, function, perfusion, and tissue characterization without ionizing radiation.IndicationsCMRI diagnoses various heart conditions, including tissue damage from heart attacks, ischemic heart disease, myocarditis, aortic issues (tears, aneurysms,...
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The most common cardiovascular diagnostic test is an X-ray. It produces images of the heart, blood vessels, and adjacent structures.
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An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
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Echocardiography plays a role in assessing cardiac health and detecting heart conditions, with various types providing critical insights for diagnosis and treatment.
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Nonionic contrast use in cardiac angiography

J A Hill1

  • 1Division of Cardiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville.

Investigative Radiology
|November 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Nonionic contrast media show fewer adverse effects than ionic agents in cardiac catheterization. Current evidence does not support avoiding nonionic agents due to thrombosis risks.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Contrast media are essential for cardiac catheterization.
  • Ionic contrast media have been associated with adverse effects.
  • Nonionic contrast media offer a potentially safer alternative.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the safety profile of nonionic versus ionic contrast media.
  • To focus on safety aspects within the cardiac catheterization laboratory.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative review of electrophysiologic and hemodynamic effects.
  • Assessment of nephrotoxicity and thrombosis-related complications.
  • Consideration of contrast volume limitations and efficient use.

Main Results:

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  • Nonionic agents demonstrate fewer adverse electrophysiologic and hemodynamic effects compared to high-osmolar ionic agents.
  • Nonionic contrast media are associated with a reduction in mild-to-moderate adverse events.
  • Nephrotoxicity risk shows no significant difference, with a potential benefit of nonionics in patients with renal dysfunction.
  • Evidence for increased thrombosis with nonionic agents is inconclusive, particularly in coronary angioplasty.

Conclusions:

  • No current justification exists to avoid nonionic contrast agents based on thrombosis risk.
  • Research on the impact of contrast volume remains inconclusive.