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Water immersion and the effect on labor

M N Schorn1, J L McAllister, J D Blanco

  • 1Lyndon B. Johnson Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Houston, TX 77026.

Journal of Nurse-Midwifery
|November 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Warm water immersion (WI) during labor did not speed up labor or increase pain relief needs. This study found no evidence of increased risks for mothers or newborns with WI use.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Reproductive Health
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Background:

  • Warm water immersion (WI) is a globally utilized method for labor relaxation.
  • Limited research exists on the specific effects and safety of WI during childbirth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the safety and efficacy of warm water immersion for women in active labor.
  • To determine the impact of WI on labor progression and maternal/neonatal outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective, randomized, controlled study involving 93 women (36-41 weeks gestation) in active labor.
  • Comparison between a group using WI alongside other pain relief methods and a control group without WI.
  • Exclusion of participants with major medical or obstetric complications and intact membranes.

Main Results:

  • Warm water immersion did not significantly alter cervical dilation rate, contraction patterns, labor duration, or analgesia use.
  • No significant differences were observed in the rates of chorioamnionitis or endometritis between groups.
  • Maternal, neonatal, or infectious morbidity rates were not increased by the use of WI.

Conclusions:

  • While WI did not demonstrate an improvement in labor progression, it was found to be safe.
  • No evidence of increased maternal, neonatal, or infectious complications was associated with warm water immersion during labor.

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