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Estimated masticatory forces in patients before orthognathic surgery
G S Tate1, G S Throckmorton, E Ellis
1University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235-9109.
Summary
This study estimated masticatory forces in patients with dentofacial deformities using electromyographic activity (EMG) and bite forces. Males exhibited significantly higher estimated masticatory forces than females.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Orthodontics
- Biomechanics
Background:
- Masticatory forces in dentofacial deformity patients pre-orthognathic surgery are understudied.
- Understanding these forces is crucial for surgical planning and outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate masticatory forces in individuals with dentofacial deformities before orthognathic surgery.
- To investigate the relationship between muscle activity and bite force during mastication.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a mathematical model correlating electromyographic (EMG) activity of masticatory muscles with isometric bite forces.
- Recorded EMG from superficial masseter, anterior temporalis, and posterior temporalis muscles during chewing and isometric biting.
- Measured unilateral isometric bite forces at the first molar position.
Main Results:
- A strong correlation was observed between superficial masseter muscle activity and isometric bite forces.
- The slope of masseter EMG versus isometric force effectively estimated masticatory forces.
- Males demonstrated significantly greater estimated masticatory forces compared to females.
Conclusions:
- The developed method provides a reliable estimation of masticatory forces in dentofacial deformity patients.
- Sex-based differences in masticatory force exist, with males exhibiting higher forces.
- This research contributes valuable data for pre-surgical assessment in orthognathic surgery planning.