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Updated: Aug 8, 2026

Evaluation of Host-Pathogen Responses and Vaccine Efficacy in Mice
Published on: February 22, 2019
[Acute parotitis in children previously vaccinated against mumps]
Abstract:
Children who had previously received Morbilli-(Mumps) Rubella (MMR) vaccine developed parotid swelling which was diagnosed as acute parotitis 7 days to 2 years following inoculation. Blood samples from each of the patients were tested for the following virological parameters: Mumps-virus, Parainfluenza-viruses (PIV) type 1., 2., 3., Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), Epstein Barr Virus Capsid Antigen (EBVCA) IgM, IgA, IgG immunofluorescent test (IFT) and EBVCA IgM, IgG ELISA (HUMAN); Epstein Barr Virus Early Antigen (EBV EA) IgG IFT; Adenovirus, Influenza A, B Complement Fixation (CF) test. Some of the sera were examined for CMV IgM, IgG ELISA (Organon Teknika) and Human Parvovirus B19 IgM, IgG recombinant ELISA (Bender) too. Nine cases were interpreted as a clinical reaction of mumps vaccination. Beside the clinical reaction of mumps vaccination. Beside the clinical reaction of mumps vaccination, the etiological role of PIV-1, PIV-2, PIV-3 and PIV-1,2 was confirmed in four, three, one and one patients, respectively. The alonely etiological agent was the PIV-2 in four and PIV-2 and Epstein-Barr virus together were in one patients, respectively. The etiology was unknown in one patient. The results show the importance both of the broad spectrum precise serologic studies and of the skillful interpretation in the exact diagnosis of the acute parotitis to identify parotitis either as a consequence of the mumps vaccine or vaccine failure. The correct diagnosis of acute parotitis can influence the booster mumps vaccination practice too.
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Acute Pharyngitis
Acute pharyngitis is the inflammation of the back of the throat (pharynx), commonly resulting in a sore throat. It is a frequently encountered condition that prompts individuals to seek medical advice.
Classification
Acute pharyngitis can be categorized based on its underlying cause:
Chickenpox
Viral Meningitis
Poliomyelitis
Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction
Encephalitis l: Introduction