Equal transcription of wild-type and mutant p53 using bicistronic vectors results in the wild-type phenotype

Somatic and germ-line mutations of p53 alleles inactivate the function of the protein. It has been suggested that mutant p53 can inactivate the wild-type protein and therefore have a trans-dominant negative effect. To investigate the interaction between wild-type and mutant proteins when both alleles are equally transcribed, we designed bicistronic vectors containing the internal ribosome entry site of the encephalomyocarditis virus and expressing wild-type and mutant p53. Analysis of the transcriptional activity and of the effect on cell growth of these plasmids indicates that the mutant protein is unable to completely suppress wild-type function. These results could explain why the inactivation of both p53 alleles is required in cancer development.