[The integrative activity of the neuron: the specificity and plasticity of systemic mechanisms]

In the paper is developed a concept of P. K. Anokhin on the integrative activity of neurons in a dynamics of the systemic organization of behavioural acts. It has been shown that the neurons in the systemic organization of behavioural acts reflect in their activity not only initial motivation and reinforcement, but demonstrate forestalling reactions on the base of the previous reinforcements thus including into a formation of an acceptor of a result of action. Dominating motivation changes essentially the sensitivity of brain neurons to neurotransmitters and neuropeptides. Change of chemical sensitivity of neurons is revealed in the dynamics of organization of different stages of the systemic organization of behavioural acts. It has been established that the sensitivity of neurons to motivational and sensory influences as well as that to biologically active substances to a significant degree is determined by their protein synthesizing apparatus. The studies carried out have demonstrated the specificity and plasticity of neurons in the systemic organization of behavioural acts.