Central retinal vein occlusion

1. CRVO (central retinal vein occlusion) is of two types: ischemic (hemorrhagic retinopathy) and nonischemic (venous stasis retinopathy). 2. Retinal capillary obliteration is a hallmark of retinal ischemia. Fluorescein fundus angiography gives the most valuable information in the differentiation of CRVO into it two types. The ischemic type is in sharp contrast to the nonischemic because there is significant retinal capillary obliteration in ischemic CRVO. 3. The relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) is very helpful in separating the ischemic type from the nonischemic type, during both the early and the late stages of the disease. There is a positive RAPD in hemorrhagic retinopathy. 4. The most serious complication of CRVO is the development of various types of ocular neovascularization.