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Aerosol amphotericin B for prevention of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis
1Abteilung Innere Medizin mit Schwerpunkt Hämatologie und Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Rudolf Virchow, Freien Universität Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany.
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
|June 1, 1993
Abstract:
The pharmacokinetics and applicability of aerosol amphotericin B administrations were studied in 40 neutropenic patients and 4 healthy volunteers. Particle size was measured and pulmonary deposition was demonstrated by radioisotope studies. Inhalations were easy to administer and were well tolerated, with minimal systemic absorption of the drug.
Insights
Aerosol amphotericin B is an easy-to-use and well-tolerated inhaled antifungal drug for neutropenic patients, showing minimal systemic absorption.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Neutropenic patients are susceptible to invasive fungal infections.
- Conventional amphotericin B formulations have significant toxicities.
- Novel drug delivery systems are needed to improve antifungal therapy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the pharmacokinetics and clinical applicability of aerosolized amphotericin B.
- To assess the tolerability and pulmonary deposition of inhaled amphotericin B.
- To determine the systemic absorption of aerosolized amphotericin B.
Main Methods:
- Pharmacokinetic and particle size analyses were performed.
- Pulmonary deposition was assessed using radioisotope studies.
- Clinical administration and tolerability were evaluated in neutropenic patients and healthy volunteers.
Main Results:
- Inhalations were easily administered and well tolerated by all participants.
- Radioisotope studies confirmed pulmonary deposition of the aerosolized drug.
- Minimal systemic absorption of amphotericin B was observed.
Conclusions:
- Aerosolized amphotericin B is a promising and safe alternative for antifungal treatment.
- The inhaled route facilitates targeted drug delivery to the lungs.
- Further studies are warranted to explore its efficacy in treating pulmonary fungal infections.