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Related Experiment Videos

Bone marrow toxicity by silver sulfadiazine

R L Gamelli1, T P Paxton, M O'Reilly

  • 1Loyola University Shock Trauma Institute, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois 60153.

Surgery, Gynecology & Obstetrics
|August 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Silver sulfadiazine (SSD) cream applied to skin injuries in mice reduced white blood cell counts and granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells. This suggests SSD may cause transient leukopenia in patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Hematology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Silver sulfadiazine (SSD) is a topical antimicrobial agent commonly used for burn wound management.
  • The effects of SSD on the hematopoietic system, particularly granulocyte and macrophage production, require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of SSD on granulocyte and macrophage production in a murine model of cutaneous injury.
  • To determine if topical SSD application influences bone marrow cellularity and progenitor cell function.

Main Methods:

  • Murine model of full-thickness burn injury and skin excision.
  • Daily topical application of SSD.
  • Analysis of peripheral blood leukocyte counts, absolute granulocyte counts, and femoral bone marrow assays for granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells (GM-CFC).
  • In vitro assessment of SSD cytotoxicity on bone marrow cells.

Main Results:

  • Topical SSD application in skin-excised mice led to a significant reduction in total peripheral blood leukocyte counts and absolute granulocyte numbers compared to controls.
  • Femoral bone marrow assays showed a marked reduction in nucleated cells and GM-CFC in SSD-treated mice.
  • In vitro studies demonstrated that SSD is directly cytotoxic to myelopoietic progenitor cells in a dose-dependent manner.

Conclusions:

  • Topical SSD application in vivo alters the myeloid cell compartment, leading to transient leukopenia.
  • The direct cytotoxic effect of SSD on myelopoietic tissue contributes to observed hematological changes.
  • These findings provide a potential explanation for the transient leukopenia observed in patients treated with topical SSD.

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