Laboratory testing in the evaluation of male infertility. A rational approach

Laboratory testing is an integral component of the evaluation of the infertile man. This testing must be appropriate and specific for the individual couple. As there are many tests that evaluate various aspects of infertility, the urologist must understand what information the tests can offer as well as the limitations of each assay. The semen analysis remains the cornerstone of the evaluation but is not a functional assay. Other assays such as sperm-cervical mucus tests, hemizona assays, and the sperm-penetration assay are functional tests. Through the appropriate use of these and other tests, the urologist will be capable of better and more accurately counseling the infertile couple.