Word retrieval in fluent and nonfluent dysphasia: utilization of pictogram

Connected speech samples were elicited from 10 nonfluent and 10 fluent dysphasic subjects utilizing two contexts, picture and pictogram descriptions. Incidences of word retrieval problems were identified and assigned to nine word retrieval categories. Results revealed pictogram elicited a greater incidence of word retrieval problems, and therefore, proved as a more informative context for identifying word retrieval problems in mild dysphasia. Also, certain word retrieval categories were selectively used by specific dysphasic classification categories and severity levels.