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Dual natriuretic peptide system in experimental heart failure
1Department of Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Journal of the American College of Cardiology
|September 1, 1993
Summary
Plasma brain natriuretic peptide and atrial natriuretic peptide levels increase with heart failure and decrease with recovery. Brain natriuretic peptide shows a slower response than atrial natriuretic peptide in this heart failure model.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is structurally similar to atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP).
- BNP's response during heart failure and its correlation with cardiac filling pressures remain unstudied.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the temporal changes in plasma BNP concentrations during the development and recovery from experimental heart failure.
- To correlate these BNP changes with ANP levels and hemodynamic status.
Main Methods:
- A canine model of heart failure was induced via right ventricular pacing (250 beats/min) for 3 weeks.
- Hemodynamic parameters, plasma BNP, and ANP concentrations were monitored during heart failure and a subsequent 4-week recovery period.
Main Results:
- Heart failure significantly increased left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and right atrial pressure.
- Plasma concentrations of both BNP and ANP increased significantly within 1 week of pacing, plateaued at 3 weeks, and normalized by 4 weeks of recovery.
- Excellent correlations were observed between BNP and ANP levels, and between these peptides and cardiac filling pressures, though BNP exhibited a smaller percentage increase and slower decline.
Conclusions:
- BNP and ANP function as a dual natriuretic system, both responding to altered cardiac filling pressures in heart failure.
- BNP appears to be less sensitive than ANP in this experimental heart failure model.