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Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism

Nitrogen is a very important element for life because it is a major constituent of proteins and nucleic acids. It is a macronutrient, and in nature, it is recycled from organic compounds and stored in the form of  ammonia, ammonium ions, nitrate, nitrite, or  nitrogen gas by many metabolic processes. Many of these metabolic processes are carried out only by prokaryotes.
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Collagen breakdown and nitrogen dioxide inhalation

D V Hatton, C S Leach, A E Nicogossian

    Archives of Environmental Health
    |January 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Astronauts experienced significant collagen breakdown after inhaling nitrogen dioxide during atmospheric reentry. This collagen degradation likely occurred in the lungs due to chemical pneumonitis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Space Medicine
    • Biochemistry
    • Pulmonary Medicine

    Background:

    • Space missions involve unique environmental exposures.
    • Atmospheric reentry presents risks to astronaut health.
    • Nitrogen dioxide is a known pulmonary irritant.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate collagen degradation in astronauts post-mission.
    • To correlate exposure to nitrogen dioxide with physiological changes.
    • To assess pulmonary tissue damage from inhaled irritants.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of urinary hydroxylysine glycosides.
    • Clinical examination of astronauts.
    • Roentgenographic imaging (X-rays) of the lungs.

    Main Results:

    • Elevated levels of urinary hydroxylysine glycosides were detected.
    • Astronauts displayed signs of diffuse chemical pneumonitis.
    • Evidence suggests significant collagen degradation occurred.

    Conclusions:

    • Inhalation of nitrogen dioxide during reentry likely caused pulmonary collagen degradation.
    • Chemical pneumonitis may be a consequence of such exposures.
    • Urinary hydroxylysine glycosides can serve as biomarkers for collagen breakdown.