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Related Experiment Videos

What are human express saccades?

A Kingstone1, R M Klein

  • 1University of California, Davis.

Perception & Psychophysics
|August 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human express saccades, rapid eye movements, are not reliably produced in gap conditions. Researchers should focus on the robust gap effect instead of the express saccade pattern.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Ophthalmology
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • The
  • express saccade
  • phenomenon describes rapid human eye movements (80-120 ms latency) observed under specific experimental conditions.
  • This pattern, characterized by a bimodal latency distribution, has been difficult to replicate consistently in humans.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the conditions under which the diagnostic pattern of human express saccades can be reliably elicited.
  • To differentiate between stimulus-controlled rapid saccades and anticipatory responses.

Main Methods:

  • Three experiments were conducted manipulating target predictability, catch trials, stimulus luminance, and presentation mode (LEDs vs. oscilloscope).
  • Reaction times and saccade latencies were measured under gap (fixation point removed before target) and overlap (fixation point present) conditions.

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Main Results:

  • Anticipatory responses, rather than stimulus-controlled express saccades, were frequently observed, especially when catch trials were absent.
  • Bimodality in saccade latency distributions was rarely seen.
  • Only the brightest stimuli under specific conditions elicited latencies in the express saccade range, and these were often revealed as anticipatory when catch trials were introduced.

Conclusions:

  • The express saccade diagnostic pattern is not a robust or characteristic feature of human saccadic behavior.
  • Distinguishing true express saccades from anticipatory responses requires the use of catch trials or choice reaction time tasks.
  • The robust gap effect, a reliable phenomenon in saccade generation, warrants further investigation.