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Rhabdomyolysis syndrome in children: report of three cases
1Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, R.O.C.
Insights
Rhabdomyolysis syndrome in children can cause acute kidney injury and seizures. Early recognition of elevated muscle enzymes and specific urine findings is crucial for prompt management and recovery.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Intensive Care
- Nephrology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Rhabdomyolysis syndrome presents with diverse clinical features in critically ill children.
- Key biochemical markers include elevated creatine phosphokinase, uric acid, potassium, and inorganic phosphate, alongside hypocalcemia.
Abstract:
Three cases with distinct clinical manifestations associated with rhabdomyolysis syndrome were encountered in this hospital's pediatric intensive care unit. Elevation of serum creatine phosphokinase, uric acid, potassium, inorganic phosphate and hypocalcemia with seizure were noted. The three patients all had signs of acute renal failure. One died of respiratory failure, and autopsy revealed multiple intrathoracic anomalies. The remaining two recovered completely from rhabdomyolysis. It is of importance to early recognize any acutely ill patient as having rhabdomyolysis syndrome when there is elevation of muscle enzymes, hypocalcemic seizure, positive orthotolidine reaction of urine strip while negative finding of red blood cell. The syndrome may damage the kidneys. Appropriate management to induce diuresis usually can salvage this potentially life-threatening condition.
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