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Pericyte physiology

D Shepro1, N M Morel

  • 1Laboratory for Microvascular Research, Boston University, Massachusetts 02215.

FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
|August 1, 1993
PubMed
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Pericytes, crucial cells in microvessels, regulate blood flow and vessel integrity. This review highlights their diverse functions and interactions with endothelial cells, especially in microvascular diseases.

Area of Science:

  • Microvascular biology
  • Cellular physiology

Background:

  • Endothelial cells form the primary barrier in microvessels.
  • Pericytes, though less studied, are heterogeneous cells integral to microvascular walls.
  • Existing literature on endothelial cells is extensive, but pericyte biology remains less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted roles of non-mesangial pericytes.
  • To explore pericyte-endothelial cell interactions.
  • To focus on short-term responses affecting microvascular perfusion and permeability.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on pericyte biology.
  • Analysis of in vivo and in vitro functional characteristics of pericytes.
  • Examination of pericyte involvement in microvascular diseases.

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Main Results:

  • Pericytes regulate endothelial proliferation, differentiation, and inflammatory leakage.
  • They act as progenitor cells and secrete vasoactive substances.
  • Pericytes contribute to basement membrane and extracellular matrix synthesis.

Conclusions:

  • Pericytes are key regulators of microvascular function and integrity.
  • Their interaction with endothelial cells is critical for maintaining vascular homeostasis.
  • Understanding pericyte functions is vital for addressing microvascular diseases.