HIV-1-related neurological disease

Infection due to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) frequently leads to neurological complications that may involve each part of the neuraxis. A brief discussion is presented of the nature of involvement, appropriate treatment modalities, and the diagnostic approach to such problems. Emphasis will be placed on AIDS dementia complex (ADC). A summary of the current understanding of the pathogenesis of ADC will be presented and used as a platform for discussion of future therapeutic interventions.