[Nm23/NDP kinase and cancer metastasis]

N Kimura1

  • 1Dept. of Molecular Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology.

Insights

Nm23/NDP kinase, a tumor metastasis suppressor, is linked to reduced metastatic potential in cancers like breast cancer. Further research is needed to understand its expression and regulatory mechanisms.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Context:

  • Nm23/NDP kinase is a key player in tumor metastasis suppression.
  • Decreased Nm23/NDP kinase levels correlate with increased metastatic potential in various cancers, including breast cancer.
  • Research is exploring the specific roles of Nm23/NDP kinase isoforms in metastasis.

Purpose:

  • To summarize recent advances in Nm23/NDP kinase research concerning tumor metastasis.
  • To discuss the potential mechanisms by which Nm23/NDP kinase regulates cancer cell metastatic potential.
  • To highlight the need for further investigation into the regulation of Nm23/NDP kinase expression.

Summary:

  • Reduced Nm23/NDP kinase levels are associated with higher tumor metastatic potential in both animal models and human cancers.
  • One of the two Nm23/NDP kinase isoforms appears particularly important in metastatic processes.
  • The study discusses potential regulatory mechanisms, including transcriptional changes or gene allelic deletion, and the role of Nm23/NDP kinase in signal transduction pathways.

Impact:

  • Provides a comprehensive overview of Nm23/NDP kinase's role in cancer metastasis.
  • Identifies key areas for future research, such as the regulation of Nm23/NDP kinase expression and its interaction with signaling pathways.
  • Contributes to understanding the molecular basis of cancer metastasis and potential therapeutic targets.

Related Concept Videos

Mitogens and the Cell Cycle02:38

Mitogens and the Cell Cycle

Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the daughter...
Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
Cancer Cell Migration through Invadopodia01:35

Cancer Cell Migration through Invadopodia

Invadosome is a broad category of cell surface structures with proteolytic activity that  degrades the extracellular matrix (ECM). Invadosomes are present in normal cell types, including macrophages, endothelial cells, and neurons, as well as tumor cells. Although the macrophage podosomes and tumor cell invadopodia are classified as invadosomes, they have different structures, molecular pathways, and functions. Podosomes are short structures that last for a few minutes. However, invadopodia can...
PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway01:22

PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway

The mammalian target of rapamycin  (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1  (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2  (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast,  mTORC2 consists of a rapamycin-insensitive companion...