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Crohn's disease monocytes are primed for accentuated release of toxic oxygen metabolites

R N Baldassano1, S Schreiber, R B Johnston

  • 1Division of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Gastroenterology
|July 1, 1993
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Monocytes from Crohn's disease patients exhibit heightened inflammatory responses due to bacterial products like lipopolysaccharide. This suggests bacterial cell wall components may drive inflammatory bowel disease progression.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is linked to high bacterial loads in the intestine.
  • Bacterial products, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), can prime immune cells (monocytes/macrophages).
  • Primed immune cells may release inflammatory mediators, contributing to tissue damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if monocytes from Crohn's disease patients are primed by lipopolysaccharide for an exaggerated respiratory burst.
  • To explore the role of lipopolysaccharide as a priming factor in Crohn's disease serum.

Main Methods:

  • Monocyte superoxide anion generation was quantified using the reduction of ferricytochrome c.
  • This reduction was measured in an inhibitable manner by superoxide dismutase.
  • Serum from Crohn's disease patients was tested for its ability to prime normal monocytes before and after lipopolysaccharide removal.

Main Results:

  • Monocytes from active, untreated Crohn's disease patients demonstrated significantly enhanced superoxide anion release compared to normal monocytes.
  • Crohn's disease serum lost its capacity to prime normal monocytes after lipopolysaccharide was depleted.
  • These findings strongly implicate lipopolysaccharide in the heightened monocyte response observed in Crohn's disease.

Conclusions:

  • Bacterial cell wall products, like lipopolysaccharide, appear to be significant proinflammatory molecules.
  • These molecules may play a crucial role in initiating or sustaining the inflammatory processes in Crohn's disease.

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