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Equine viral arteritis

P J Timoney1, W H McCollum

  • 1Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington.

The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Equine Practice
|August 1, 1993
PubMed
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Equine viral arteritis (EVA) is a contagious disease impacting horses, causing abortion in mares and persistent infection in stallions. Infected stallions are key to spreading EVA worldwide through venereal contact.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Equine Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Equine viral arteritis (EVA) is a contagious viral disease affecting equids.
  • Increased veterinary and economic significance noted since the 1984 Thoroughbred epidemic.
  • Key consequences include mare abortion and stallion carrier state establishment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Discuss pathogenesis, immunity, and epidemiology of Equine arteritis virus (EAV).
  • Relate EAV aspects to current diagnostic, treatment, and control methods.
  • Highlight the role of persistently infected stallions in disease dissemination.

Main Methods:

  • Review of pathogenesis and immunity in EVA.
  • Epidemiological analysis of EAV transmission.

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  • Discussion of diagnostic, treatment, and control strategies.

    • Main Results:

    • Equine arteritis virus localizes in the reproductive tract of infected stallions.
    • Persistently infected stallions are highly efficient transmitters via venereal contact.
    • Stallions play a major role in global EAV dissemination and perpetuation.

    Conclusions:

    • Stallion carrier state is critical for EAV perpetuation.
    • Understanding pathogenesis and immunity aids control strategies.
    • Effective diagnosis, treatment, and control are essential for managing EVA.