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[Double meningoencephalitis with herpes simplex virus and rubella virus]
S Hattori1, Y Isogai, Y Morimoto
1Third Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine.
Rinsho Shinkeigaku = Clinical Neurology
|June 1, 1993
Summary
This case study details a rare simultaneous infection of herpes simplex virus (HSV) and rubella virus causing meningoencephalitis. The patient experienced severe neurological symptoms and unfortunately succumbed to the infection despite treatment.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Virology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Meningoencephalitis is a serious condition affecting the brain and meninges.
- Simultaneous viral infections can present complex diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.
Observation:
- A 47-year-old male presented with headache, fever, and memory disturbance, indicative of neurological compromise.
- Clinical examination revealed meningeal signs and neurological deficits, while CT scans showed brain swelling and hydrocephalus.
- Cerebrospinal fluid analysis indicated high pressure, pleocytosis, and elevated protein levels, consistent with inflammation.
Findings:
- Virological testing confirmed the presence of herpes simplex virus (HSV) and rubella virus in both serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
- Elevated serum/CSF titers for HSV and rubella virus suggested active infection.
- Despite treatment with acyclovir and gamma globulin, the patient's condition rapidly deteriorated, leading to death.
Implications:
- This case highlights the critical importance of considering multiple viral etiologies in severe meningoencephalitis.
- The simultaneous infection by HSV and rubella virus underscores the potential for complex interactions and poor prognosis.
- Further research into the synergistic effects and treatment strategies for co-infections is warranted.