Implicit and explicit memory for novel visual objects: structure and function

Six experiments compared the effects of structural and functional encoding tasks on implicit and explicit memory for novel objects. Implicit memory was assessed with a possible-impossible object decision test, and explicit memory was assessed with a yes-no recognition test. Results revealed that recognition memory was higher after functional than after structural encoding tasks, whereas priming effects on the object decision test were unaffected by the same manipulations. The priming effects that were observed after functional encoding tasks could be attributed to structural analyses that are carried out in the course of making judgments about functional properties of novel objects. Results are consistent with the hypothesis that implicit memory for novel objects depends on a presemantic structural description system that can operate independently of episodic memory.