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Rhythms in the immune system

N J Goulding1, N D Hall

  • 1Bath Institute for Rheumatic Diseases, U.K.

Pharmacology & Therapeutics
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Immune cells exhibit daily rhythms in number, but functional changes are inconsistent. Neuroendocrine hormones, released rhythmically, may mediate these effects and influence immune-mediated diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Chronobiology
  • Neuroendocrinology

Background:

  • Immune system function is influenced by various factors.
  • Circadian rhythms impact physiological processes.
  • The interplay between the immune system and biological rhythms is an emerging area of research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence on rhythmic influences on immune cell numbers and function.
  • To explore potential mediators of these rhythmic effects.
  • To relate these findings to immune-mediated diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on immune cell rhythms.
  • Analysis of in vitro and in vivo experimental data.
  • Examination of neuroendocrine hormone involvement.

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Main Results:

  • Periodicity is clearly demonstrated for circulating immunocompetent cell numbers.
  • Significant functional changes in immune cells have not been consistently observed.
  • Rhythmically released neuroendocrine hormones are potential mediators.

Conclusions:

  • Circadian rhythms affect immune cell circulation numbers.
  • Immune cell function rhythms require further investigation.
  • Neuroendocrine regulation of immune rhythms may impact diseases like rheumatoid arthritis.