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Related Experiment Videos

Glomerular hyperfiltration in NIDDM patients without overt proteinuria

S P Silveiro1, R Friedman, J L Gross

  • 1Endocrine Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Diabetes Care
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
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Glomerular hyperfiltration was found in 21% of patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) but no proteinuria. Fasting plasma glucose and age were significant correlates of this condition.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Endocrinology
  • Diabetology

Background:

  • Glomerular hyperfiltration is an early indicator of diabetic kidney disease.
  • Identifying hyperfiltration in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients without overt proteinuria is crucial for early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of glomerular hyperfiltration in NIDDM patients without overt proteinuria.
  • To identify clinical and biochemical correlates of glomerular hyperfiltration in this patient group.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study of 71 NIDDM patients with negative urine Albustix and 24-hour albumin excretion rate (AER) < 200 micrograms/min.
  • Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was measured using the 51Cr-EDTA single-injection method.
  • Evaluated correlations between GFR and factors including age, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), HbA1c, and lipid profile.

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Main Results:

  • Glomerular hyperfiltration (GFR > 137.1 ml/min/1.73 m2) was observed in 21% of the studied NIDDM patients.
  • Hyperfiltration was associated with significantly higher fasting plasma glucose levels (12.8 mM vs. 8.7 mM).
  • Fasting plasma glucose, age, and total cholesterol were identified as significant correlates of GFR in regression analysis.

Conclusions:

  • A significant proportion of NIDDM patients without proteinuria exhibit glomerular hyperfiltration.
  • Elevated fasting plasma glucose and advanced age are key factors associated with hyperfiltration in these patients.
  • Total cholesterol shows a modest correlation with GFR, suggesting its potential role in diabetic kidney pathophysiology.